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Utilization of carbon dioxide in power engineering
Svoboda, Kryštof ; Sitek, Tomáš (referee) ; Špiláček, Michal (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with the use of carbon dioxide as a source of energy in the form of carbonaceous fuels. The first part describes the possibilities of carbon dioxide capture and its subsequent storage. The second part is dedicated to the conversion of carbon dioxide to carbonaceous fuels. In the third and final part of the thesis, these fuels are then evaluated for their utilization and compared with commonly used fuels.
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Combi-cycle power plant
Tkachuk, Andriy ; Borbély, Richard (referee) ; Fiedler, Jan (advisor)
This bachelor thesis analyzes the combi-cycle, the advantage of which is easy separation of CO2 for its storage and further usage. The first part shortly presents the currently used cycles and introduces the Graz cycle. It also lists its advantages and disadvantages. The second part focuses on the description of the calculation of thermal efficiency of the cycle and the calculation itself. The calculation is attached in a separate .XLS file. At the end of the thesis, the result of the calculation is interpreted and the conditions under which the project would be realized are outlined.
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Combi-cycle power plant
Tkachuk, Andriy ; Fiedler, Jan (referee) ; Škorpík, Jiří (advisor)
This master thesis follows the bachelor thesis with the same name. It is looks into the analyses of the combi-cycle, the advantage of which is high efficiency and easy separation of CO2 for its storage and further usage. It introduces the Graz cycle, its thermal balance a basic arrangement. The calculation is attached in a separate .XLS file. At the end of the thesis, the result of the calculation is interpreted and the conditions under which the project would be realized are outlined.
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Failure rate wastewater treatment plants
Boryśová, Michaela ; Vlčková, Veronika (referee) ; Hluštík, Petr (advisor)
This thesis deals with the sludge management in wastewater treatment plants. It provides a basic overview of methods for modifying risk material in sludge ending. The main goal of this work is to create a fault trees based on faults which occurred in the sludge management facilities. Furthermore, it was created frequency of failures assessment of the objects on wastewater treatment plant in Hodonín. Provided information were obtained during excursions of WWTP Hodonín and Zbýšov.
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Seasonal accumulations using power-to-gas technology
Zavadil, Jan ; Martin Pešek (EGÚ Brno, a. s. ) (referee) ; Pospíšil, Jiří (advisor)
The diploma thesis is focusing on the seasonal energy storage in synthetic fuels and the Power to Gas system (P2G). The P2G enables the conversion of electrical energy in times of electricity surplus, for example by using the surplus from renewable energy sources to produce synthetic gas, particulary hydrogen and synthetic methane. The main focus is on the technical and economic assessment of P2G of the Gazela natural gas pipeline. Furthermore, it identifies the limits of production, transportation, and storage capacities of these synthetic gases. The technical analysis assumes the injection of hydrogen of a certain molar concentration, according to the four proposed scenarios, into the natural gas transmission system in the Gazela pipeline. The results have showen that an increase in the molar fraction of hydrogen in natural gas will cause problems in gas transport and will lead to an increase in the pressure losses, an increase in flow rate, and a decrease in the storage capacity of the pipeline. The economic analysis examines the use of P2G technology in Czech conditions. It demonstrates the amount of production costs for the production of 1 MWh of synthetic gas depending on the electricity price and the operating time of the production facility. The sensitivity analysis has shown that neither hydrogen nor synthetic methane is competitive next to cheap natural gas unless measures like an increased price of emission allowances or a carbon tax are taken.
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Alternative fuels for SI engines
Balažovič, Lukáš ; Ušiak, Michal (referee) ; Štětina, Josef (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with the topic of alternative fuels for petrol engines. The first is a brief introduction to the issue of petrol engines, followed by a description of each alternative fuel. The thesis summarizes the most important information and comparison of alternatives with conventional gasoline is made. Each fuel is evaluated in terms of advantages, disadvantages, and position on the market.
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Redukce metanu u přežvýkavců pomocí výživy
Pávišová, Aneta
The bachelor thesis "Methane reduction in ruminants by means of nutrition", provides a comprehensive overview of the ways in which methane production in ruminants can be reduced within the limits of possibility. The thesis discusses the addition of feed additives to the ration, the manipulation of feed components in the ration and the influence of feeding techniques. Finally, it describes alternative methods of methane reduction, such as the use of vaccines in ruminant breeding or the use of genetic selection. Livestock are responsible for up to 18% of anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions and this figure is estimated to increase further. At the same time, the formation of methane in the rumen results in a loss of energy from feed of up to 12 %. The use of feed additives in the ration rather than ration modification alone appears to be effective. The type of animal, housing management and individuality of the animals are very important. It is important to design and research both new and existing measures in order to establish clear feeding practices and reduce the economic losses of the farm.
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Microbial assemblages associated with methane release from the Greenland ice sheet
Znamínko, Matěj ; Stibal, Marek (advisor) ; Cameron, Karen (referee)
Subglacial environments provide conditions suitable for the microbial production of methane, an important greenhouse gas, which can be released from beneath the ice as a result of glacial melting. High gaseous methane emissions have recently been discovered at Russell Glacier, an outlet of the southwestern margin of the Greenland Ice Sheet, acting not only as a potential climate amplifier but also as a substrate for methane-consuming microorganisms. Here, we describe the composition of the microbial assemblage exported in meltwater from the methane release hotspot at Russell Glacier and its changes over the melt season and as it travels downstream. We found that a substantial part (27.1 %) of the exported assemblage was made up of methylotrophs and that the relative abundance of methylotrophs increased as the melt season progressed, likely due to the seasonal development of the glacial drainage system. The methylotrophs were dominated by representatives of Type I methanotrophs from the Gammaproteobacteria; however, their relative abundance decreased with increasing distance from the ice margin at the expense of methylotrophs from the Betaproteobacteria and Type II methanotrophs (Alphaproteobacteria). These changes could be attributed to the different physiological demands of these groups. Our...
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Jsou pikoplanktonní sinice schopny produkovat metan?
PSOHLAVEC, Jakub
The aim of the bachelor thesis is to conduct a literature review on the topic of the connection between picoplanktonic cyanobacteria (or cyanobacteria) and methane production in oxic water. Furthermore, on selected strains of picoplanktonic cyanobacteria from various areas and from Czech hypertrophic ponds to test whether they are able to produce methane and to indicate the conditions under which this gas can be produced. Strains of picoplanktonic cyanobacteria from the collection of microorganisms IH Biology Centre CAS are used for the experiments. The research results prove a low increase in methane production, however, except one of the strains, do not prove direct methanogenesis by picoplanktonic cyanobacteria.
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Pěstování Silphium perfoliatum L. pro účely produkce bioplynu
MALINA, David
Targeted plant cultivation for biogas production is still a much-discussed topic. In this respect, it seems possible today. Mays L. Growing these plants with people who certainly do not affect the environment. One way to eliminate or reduce these risks is to grow alternative plants. One of the alternative plants, widely used in energy, is also Silphium perfoliatum L. This work is suitable for assessing the suitability of male progrown for biogas production and the possibility of inclusion in silage mixes without limiting biogas production. Within the diploma thesis, it was assessed whether they are dried from corn silage and male progeny and their different ratios in terms of biogas production. A method for measuring the safe biogas yield was used. The aim of the work was to optimize the evaluation of the assessed silage samples in terms of biogas production in order to reduce biogas production. According to the results of the work, it is then possible to recommend a silage mixing ratio of 70% sown corn: 30% cup plant sown.
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